There is no charging post and there is no charge gun. When an electric car stops, the screen in front of the driver asks if he wants to charge it. Select “Yesâ€, the driver turns off, leaves the car, closes the door, and walks away. This electric car has already started charging.
This is Qualcomm's Halo wireless charging application scenario. At the 6th German (Munich) World New Energy Vehicle Expo (2014) opened on October 21, various advanced electric drive, energy storage, and charging technologies and applications are competing. Wireless charging technology is the current hot charging technology. The reporter saw four kinds of wireless charging solutions, including Qualcomm Halo, on the scene, all showing a high degree of technological maturity, and it is not far from commercial applications.
Four options
In eCarTec's Qualcomm Wireless Charging demo area, the reporter got into a LEFT electric vehicle. The shape of this car is the same as that of other electric wind cars. There is a demonstration mobile phone installed at the center console. In the display area outside the vehicle, there is a box type power conversion equipment and a charging board on the parking space.
Qualcomm's Halo wireless charging solution is demonstrated with LEAF Electric Vehicles.
Alerto Garcia Briz, an engineer at Qualcomm CDMA Technologies, drove and when the vehicle stopped above the charging pad, the phone's screen began to show the degree of alignment with the coil. When the indicator bar turned green, the owner could choose to start charging—just a regular one. Parking only.
The secret of energy transfer is that the ground charging board converts electrical energy into a magnetic field, and the charging board on the vehicle body resonates with it at the same frequency, so it can receive the energy of the magnetic field and convert it into electricity to charge the power battery.
The car in the demonstration has a charging power of up to 6.6 kW and can fully charge a single wind (24 kwh battery) within 4 hours.
When wireless charging, a large amount of energy is exposed in space, will it bring security problems? Alerto introduced the protection system of this system. When a magnetic object or living thing approaches the charging coil, charging will automatically shut off. When these objects leave, charging will continue to begin.
The other three wireless charging schemes have the same principle. The difference lies in the position and power selection of the charging board. A company named INTIS changed a Volkswagen T5 commercial vehicle into an electric version and installed a wireless charging device. The charging power reached 30 KW. Fraunhofer ISE also changed a Volkswagen diesel commercial vehicle into an electric vehicle. After installing a wireless charging system, the charging power reached 22KW.
INTIS wireless charging solution.
What is different from the above three is the Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Systems and Devices Technology (Fraunhofer IISB). They thickened the license plate of an electric sports car into the induction coil, and placed an inductive charging plate in the direction of the front of the parking space. After parking, the induction charging board can start charging by corresponding to the charging board on the license plate. Since the two are almost fit together, the charging efficiency is thus higher, and the safety problem hardly exists. On both sides of the charging board, the coils are arranged in two layers, and the fault tolerance rate is also higher. However, the number of coils that can be arranged on the license plate is limited. The power of this solution is only 3KW. It is also full of a concert wind and takes 8 hours.
The Fraunhofer IISB Institute changed the license plate into a charging coil.
Commercial vehicles and passenger cars, who enjoy first
Among the four demonstration programs, two households use commercial vehicles and two use domestic passenger vehicles, corresponding to high-power charging and low-power charging, respectively. The scheme providers of the two commercial vehicles also spent a large amount of time on their own to modify the fuel vehicles into electric vehicles. Why did they choose different models to start?
Qualcomm's engineer, Alerto, said that the benefits of wireless charging technology are that it is easy to charge and it is more attractive to private car owners. In addition, this technology has just started to be applied. It should begin with low-power transmission. The battery capacity of the passenger vehicle is small, and the power and time for charging cannot be very long.
Richard Gould of INTIS Business Development believes that although wireless charging also improves comfort, it is more important to increase charging speed. "Time is money." Some transport companies can save a lot of time if they use wireless charging technology. At the same time, one of the reasons for the government's promotion of electric vehicles is the emission of automobile exhaust fumes. Commercial vehicle emissions, however, are much larger than that of passenger vehicles. Therefore, there will be a greater market from the perspective of commercial vehicles. The users they envisage include transportation companies, bus companies, etc. They can have their own garages, they are easy to install and the area is relatively closed. They can also prevent pedestrians and animals from being hurt by wireless charging facilities. However, the number of electric commercial vehicle models is indeed small. In contact with car manufacturers, he said that countries in Japan and Northern Europe are interested in producing electric commercial vehicles and cooperate with the system.
How far is the commercialization?
At the 2014 first electric formula championship held in Beijing in the past, Qualcomm has demonstrated the application of wireless charging with the racing pilot BMW i8 and the medical vehicle BMW i3. Anthony Thompson, vice president of development and marketing at Qualcomm Electric Vehicles, said at the time that it will bring wireless charging electric vehicles to the mass consumer market in 2017.
Qualcomm’s engineer, Alerto, also stated that a European car company has already reached a cooperation with Qualcomm and that wireless charging electric vehicles will appear on the streets within two to three years. From the cooperation between Qualcomm and BMW, it may be that the first wireless charging electric car is the i3 or i8.
Richard Gould of INTIS Business Development also stated that his plan is very close to commercial. However, because they are commercial vehicles, they need to have a demonstration project to prove to the outside world that it is mature and feasible. "After about 20 months, our system can be commercialized."
However, Stefan Reichert, a wireless charging engineer at the Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems, said that at present, their wireless charging solutions are still in the experimental stage and there is no intention for companies to commercialize them.
However, both Qualcomm and INTIS are not satisfied with the current static wireless charging technology, and they are all determined to be mobile or semi-mobile wireless charging technologies. Richard Gould of INTIS Business Development Department stated that they are already experimenting with mobile wireless charging, but the timing of commercialization cannot be judged because it requires the laying of wireless charging networks for miles of roads, but they have already considered the existing vehicle side. The charging board is compatible with mobile wireless charging in the future.
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