In order to evaluate the heat utilization level of the sintering machine, determine the technical and economic indicators such as the thermal efficiency of the sintering machine, and clarify the direction of energy saving, it is necessary to calculate the heat balance of the sintering process. This work is carried out by the black Anshan and Ma On Shan Institute of Metallurgy Design steel companies and research test systems and the preparation of a more comprehensive heat balance determination and sintering equipment calculated provisional regulations issued by the metallurgical practice, according to this chapter The calculation method is discussed, an example is given, and the calculation results are analyzed.
Heat income sintering process coal gas chemical thermal and physical thermal, physical, thermal ignition combustion air, the chemical heat of solid fuel combustion, chemical heat return material, mixture, chemical BEDDING materials sintered air physical heat and sintering process Heat of reaction. The calculation method of each item is as follows:
(1) Gas ignition chemical heat q 1
V d Q s DW kJ/ton type V d — gas consumption, m 3 / ton of sinter;
Q 3 DW ———Low gas low calorific value, kJ/ m3 ;
Q s DW =4.2×(30.3CO 3 +25.8H s 2 +85.7CH s 4 +152C 2 H s 6 +56H 2 S s +143C 2 H s 4 +...)
Where CO s , H s 2 ———% of the moisture content of each wet component in the gas. Can be calculated as follows
Where Z s , Z g ——— the volume content of any wet component and corresponding dry component in the gas, %;
Gm———the content of moisture in dry gas, g/ m3 .
(2) Gas ignition physical heat q 2 .
q 2 = BC r t r kJ / t B = V d, c r = 0.0l (C co • CO s + C H2 • H s 2 + ......) kJ / m 3 • ℃
Where C co , C H2 ——the average specific heat capacity of components such as CO, H 2 , etc. in wet gas. Calculation of water volume H 2 O s % in gas (gk - moisture content of dry gas, g/m 3 )
(3) Ignition combustion and heat insulation with heat input q 3 .
q 3 =L s n •c k •t dk kJ/ton where c k ———the average specific heat capacity between combustion air 0—t k °C, kJ/m 3 °C
t dk ——— combustion air temperature, °C.
(4) Chemical heat of solid fuel q 4 .
q 4 =G s •Q y DW kJ/ton where Q y DW ———The low calorific value of solid fuel, kJ/kg.
(5) blast furnace ash or blast furnace returning residual carbon chemical heat q 5 .
q 5 =4.2×79.8G 5 C g kJ/ton where C g ———residual fixed carbon,%
(6) Physical heat of the mixture q 6 .
q 6 =G h •c h •t h +G w •c w •t h kJ/ton where c h , c w ———the average specific heat capacity of the dry mix and water between 0 and h h , KJ/kg•°C;
t h ———The temperature of the mixture.
(7) The bottom material is brought into the physical heat q7.
q 7 =G 8 c sk t p kJ / ton where c sk ,t p ———the average specific heat capacity and actual temperature of the primer at 0---t p °C. [next]
(8) Chemical reaction heat q 8 .
q 8 =Q 8-1 +Q 8-2 +Q 8-3 +..., kJ/ton 1) Sulfide in the mixture:
G' 1 S'————The amount of sulfur remaining in the finished sintered ore, kg/ton;
4.2×165i—the heat required for oxidation per kilogram of FeS 2 , kilojoule/kg FeS 2 ;
1.871———The ratio of S to FeS 2 is converted.
2) ferrous oxide oxidation exotherm:
G' 1 FeO', G' 1 S' - - the amount of FeO, S remaining in the sinter, kg / ton;
4.2 × 467,1.123 --- per kilogram oxidized to FeO and sulfur exotherm FeO converted into a coefficient (72 / 64.2) Fe 2 O 3 is
3) Slag formation heat:
Where G 5 ——— blast furnace return amount, kg / ton;
ΔH i ——— generates the exotherm of a certain mineral, kilojoules per kilogram of minerals;
P i ———The content of a certain mineral, %.
The slagging heat is generally estimated to be 3% of the total calorie income.
(9) The air is brought into the physical heat during the sintering process.
q 9 =Q 9-1 +Q 9-2 kJ/ton 1) Sintering air brings in physical heat:
Q gi -V yk •c k •t k kJ/ton where t k ———air temperature;
c k ——— the average specific heat capacity of air between 0 and t k , kJ/ m3 • °C.
2) Physical heat leakage during the sintering process:
Q q-2 =V LK •C K •t k kJ/ton where V LK ———the amount of air leaking into the sintering machine.
(10) Total calorie income.
ΣQ=q 1 +q 2 +...+q 9 kJ (tons In addition, the solid fuel combustion exotherm in the heat balance calculation method is calculated as follows:
q 4 =4.2×(0.8C•7986+0.2C•2340) kJ/ton where C———carbon content in solid fuel, kg/ton.
The chemical heat from the exhaust gas should not be calculated at this time.
In addition to the ignition gas, the chemical heat of the solid fuel and the chemical reaction exotherm of the sintering process, the other exothermic heat is very small, so it is neglected in the general sintering heat balance calculation.
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