From 1991 to 2000, the secondary treatment capacity of China's urban sewage surged from 1.935 million tons per day to 27.534 million tons, an increase of more than 14 times. China's urban sewage treatment business has achieved unprecedented vigorous development, initially curbing the situation of China's serious water pollution. But behind this achievement, there is an indisputable fact: 90% of the large number of sewage treatment plants built during the same period are imported equipment. This has to deprive the Chinese people of the loss of major business opportunities for domestic sewage treatment equipment.
From 2000 to 2010, it is estimated that the biochemical treatment capacity of urban sewage in China will increase from 27.534 million tons to 56.395 million tons per day, and the treatment capacity will double. The total amount of sewage treatment will be more than the total of the previous decade. Still more. This indicates that there are many opportunities for the development of domestic sewage treatment equipment in the future. This requires us to learn from the lessons of the previous decade and take measures to make the domestic sewage treatment equipment manufacturing industry grow rapidly.
Development status of domestic sewage treatment equipment
The production of domestic sewage treatment equipment began in the middle and late 1970s. At that time, the standardization, completeness and serialization level of the products were very low, and there were fewer stereotyped products. Since the 1990s, the relevant state departments have carried out technological transformations on major sewage treatment equipment manufacturing enterprises, improving manufacturing capacity and manufacturing level, and the production level of special equipment for urban sewage treatment and general equipment with it has been Greatly improved.
At present, all or major equipment of 5, 10, 25, 50 tons of municipal sewage treatment plants can be localized. Among them, domestic microporous aerator, high-intensity aerator, belt filter press, all kinds of grid decontamination machine, scraper, scraper, aeration brush, aeration blower, large sewage pump Submersible electric pumps, etc., have basically been able to adapt to the domestic market demand, and some products are exported.
In terms of product design, domestic equipment such as sewage sludge lifting system, mechanical filtration and sedimentation system, aeration treatment system, sludge dewatering treatment system, which is processed from 50,000 tons to 500,000 tons per day, is equivalent to the international 1980s. Level and able to provide complete sets of equipment. However, in terms of biogas power generation systems and online monitoring systems, there is still a big gap between domestically produced equipment and developed countries. In some of the latest international technical equipment in the 1990s, there is still a gap to be filled.
In terms of product level, the efficiency of single-machine equipment, such as blowers and pumps, which consume more energy, is close to the international level in the 1980s. The overall level of the package is equivalent to the level of the international 1970s and 1980s.
Development status of sewage treatment equipment in developed countries
The sewage treatment equipment in developed countries has reached a high level of modernization and has the following characteristics: First, urban sewage and industrial wastewater treatment equipment have been standardized, finalized, serialized and complete, and have formed a complete range of water treatment with high degree of commercialization. Equipment industry. Second, water treatment unit equipment, such as sedimentation, filtration, extraction, adsorption, microfiltration, electrodialysis, etc., has formed a professional scale production, with relatively stable varieties, specifications and quality, reliable performance parameters, and user selection is very convenient. Third, the urban sewage complete equipment has been developed to a large scale, and the industrial wastewater treatment equipment has become specialized and complete with the maturity of the process. Fourth, general-purpose equipment such as fans, pumps, valves, etc., which are compatible with water treatment, have gradually realized specialized design and organized production to meet special needs. Fifth, water resources are tight, water bodies are eutrophic, and drinking water safety leads to considerable development of wastewater advanced treatment equipment and disinfection equipment. Sixth, the anaerobic treatment technology has re-emphasized attention and promoted the application of anaerobic treatment equipment in the treatment of high-concentration organic wastewater.
Problems and causes of domestic sewage treatment equipment
Problems with domestic equipment
At present, there is a big gap between domestically produced sewage treatment equipment and developed countries. The main problems are as follows: First, the contradiction between production and demand is prominent, and the comprehensive production capacity of sewage treatment equipment in China is far from meeting domestic demand. Second, the variety structure is backward, the variety is small, and the development ability is weak. Among the many products, the general mechanical products and primary products account for a large proportion, and the modernized level of machine, electricity and instrument integration equipment is less or in the initial stage. Except for large-scale environmental protection enterprises, most companies lack the self-development ability of new products. Third, the product quality is poor and the technical level is low. 35% to 40% of the products are equivalent to the international level of the 1960s and 1970s. Among the current domestic sewage treatment equipment, about one-fifth is a limited production or a phase-out product, and about two-fifths are products that need improvement. Fourth, the product is unstable. Although domestic sewage treatment equipment has exports, in general, the technical content of export equipment is not high, and the categories, varieties and regions of exports are narrow, and the competitiveness in the international market is not strong. Fifth, the comprehensive benefits of related enterprises are generally low. Except for a few companies, most sewage treatment equipment manufacturers have poor economic returns. Sixth, the equipment package and project contracting capacity are weak. There are very few enterprises that can undertake the contracting and equipment of sewage treatment projects. Most enterprises focus on the development and manufacturing of finished products that they are more suitable for, and engage in single-machine production and sales, so that the domestic sewage treatment capacity and engineering general contracting capacity Weak. Seventh, the operation training, after-sales service and other work need to be strengthened.
Cause of the problem
There are many reasons for the above problems. First, the emphasis and support for this emerging industry is insufficient. Although the proportion of national investment in environmental construction in GNP is close to that of developed countries, the infrastructure construction costs for environmental protection industries are not proportional to environmental construction investment. Taking “Eighth Five-Year Plan†and “Ninth Five-Year Plan†as examples, the investment in technological transformation of environmental protection equipment manufacturing enterprises only accounts for more than 1% of environmental construction investment. Second, the national policy orientation is to use foreign capital to import a large amount of equipment, so that domestic equipment has lost the market and equal opportunities for competition. About 90% of the sewage treatment plants built in the past 10 years are imported from foreign capital, which consumes a lot of state financial resources (imported equipment is 4-6 times the cost of domestic equipment) and valuable foreign exchange, and severely restricts domestically produced equipment. Development and market competition. Third, like the entire environmental protection equipment market, the sales of sewage treatment equipment market is disorderly. The department and local protectionism make the national big market that is healthy, fair, unified and in line with market competition poorly developed. As a result, the products with high quality and low price are available, but the enterprises with real level and strength are excluded. Fourth, the development of domestic sewage treatment equipment industry depends on the development of urban sewage treatment. Due to the large capital gap and insufficient investment, some users have long defaulted on equipment loans, and the problem of random price reduction of domestically produced equipment and equipment maintenance management has not restricted the development of domestic sewage treatment equipment manufacturing industry.
Measures to realize the modernization of domestic sewage treatment equipment
First, we must determine the application project of sewage treatment localization complete sets of equipment as soon as possible, and the state gives users preferential policies to encourage the use of domestically produced equipment. Second, we must focus on supporting a number of highly competitive engineering contracting companies and equipment manufacturers. According to the opinions of relevant departments and experts, after screening, the key enterprises supported by the state will be identified, and a joint-stock enterprise group integrating equipment development, manufacturing, equipment and engineering contracting will be established, which is mainly based on urban sewage treatment equipment. Please support the country. Third, it is necessary to give enterprises technological transformation loans, and increase the intensity of technological transformation of key enterprises. Technical transformation should use CNC, precision, high-efficiency, special-purpose and automation technology equipment as much as possible. For the weak parts of the production process and the key components of the product, it is necessary to pay attention to the use of advanced and applicable equipment and testing methods, and the key components that need to be introduced. Give import preferential policies. Fourth, we must increase efforts to support the scientific and technological research and technology development of domestically produced equipment. Fifth, we must introduce technology and accelerate the pace of development. We will change the practice of simply introducing equipment in the use of foreign capital projects, and appropriately introduce some key equipment manufacturing technologies, which will be digested by domestic enterprises to speed up development. Sixth, we must provide special credit for domestic equipment for sewage treatment projects. Under the financial support of the state, policy banks provide interest-free loans, which are used exclusively for the procurement of sewage treatment equipment. The city (users) repay the loan principal and interest on a yearly basis. Seventh, it is necessary to set up a working group for the development of sewage treatment equipment, establish a standardized domestic tendering system for sewage treatment equipment or complete sets of equipment, curb local protectionism, and coordinate related work. Eighth, we must adjust relevant policies for the use of foreign capital. The market is the key to guiding enterprises to increase investment in the development of urban sewage treatment equipment. Only by adjusting the foreign investment policy accordingly can we fundamentally cultivate and develop the domestic equipment market. It is recommended that a certain proportion of domestic and foreign cooperative manufacturing or domestic equipment be used at the same time as the appropriate use of foreign capital.
From 2000 to 2010, it is estimated that the biochemical treatment capacity of urban sewage in China will increase from 27.534 million tons to 56.395 million tons per day, and the treatment capacity will double. The total amount of sewage treatment will be more than the total of the previous decade. Still more. This indicates that there are many opportunities for the development of domestic sewage treatment equipment in the future. This requires us to learn from the lessons of the previous decade and take measures to make the domestic sewage treatment equipment manufacturing industry grow rapidly.
Development status of domestic sewage treatment equipment
The production of domestic sewage treatment equipment began in the middle and late 1970s. At that time, the standardization, completeness and serialization level of the products were very low, and there were fewer stereotyped products. Since the 1990s, the relevant state departments have carried out technological transformations on major sewage treatment equipment manufacturing enterprises, improving manufacturing capacity and manufacturing level, and the production level of special equipment for urban sewage treatment and general equipment with it has been Greatly improved.
At present, all or major equipment of 5, 10, 25, 50 tons of municipal sewage treatment plants can be localized. Among them, domestic microporous aerator, high-intensity aerator, belt filter press, all kinds of grid decontamination machine, scraper, scraper, aeration brush, aeration blower, large sewage pump Submersible electric pumps, etc., have basically been able to adapt to the domestic market demand, and some products are exported.
In terms of product design, domestic equipment such as sewage sludge lifting system, mechanical filtration and sedimentation system, aeration treatment system, sludge dewatering treatment system, which is processed from 50,000 tons to 500,000 tons per day, is equivalent to the international 1980s. Level and able to provide complete sets of equipment. However, in terms of biogas power generation systems and online monitoring systems, there is still a big gap between domestically produced equipment and developed countries. In some of the latest international technical equipment in the 1990s, there is still a gap to be filled.
In terms of product level, the efficiency of single-machine equipment, such as blowers and pumps, which consume more energy, is close to the international level in the 1980s. The overall level of the package is equivalent to the level of the international 1970s and 1980s.
Development status of sewage treatment equipment in developed countries
The sewage treatment equipment in developed countries has reached a high level of modernization and has the following characteristics: First, urban sewage and industrial wastewater treatment equipment have been standardized, finalized, serialized and complete, and have formed a complete range of water treatment with high degree of commercialization. Equipment industry. Second, water treatment unit equipment, such as sedimentation, filtration, extraction, adsorption, microfiltration, electrodialysis, etc., has formed a professional scale production, with relatively stable varieties, specifications and quality, reliable performance parameters, and user selection is very convenient. Third, the urban sewage complete equipment has been developed to a large scale, and the industrial wastewater treatment equipment has become specialized and complete with the maturity of the process. Fourth, general-purpose equipment such as fans, pumps, valves, etc., which are compatible with water treatment, have gradually realized specialized design and organized production to meet special needs. Fifth, water resources are tight, water bodies are eutrophic, and drinking water safety leads to considerable development of wastewater advanced treatment equipment and disinfection equipment. Sixth, the anaerobic treatment technology has re-emphasized attention and promoted the application of anaerobic treatment equipment in the treatment of high-concentration organic wastewater.
Problems and causes of domestic sewage treatment equipment
Problems with domestic equipment
At present, there is a big gap between domestically produced sewage treatment equipment and developed countries. The main problems are as follows: First, the contradiction between production and demand is prominent, and the comprehensive production capacity of sewage treatment equipment in China is far from meeting domestic demand. Second, the variety structure is backward, the variety is small, and the development ability is weak. Among the many products, the general mechanical products and primary products account for a large proportion, and the modernized level of machine, electricity and instrument integration equipment is less or in the initial stage. Except for large-scale environmental protection enterprises, most companies lack the self-development ability of new products. Third, the product quality is poor and the technical level is low. 35% to 40% of the products are equivalent to the international level of the 1960s and 1970s. Among the current domestic sewage treatment equipment, about one-fifth is a limited production or a phase-out product, and about two-fifths are products that need improvement. Fourth, the product is unstable. Although domestic sewage treatment equipment has exports, in general, the technical content of export equipment is not high, and the categories, varieties and regions of exports are narrow, and the competitiveness in the international market is not strong. Fifth, the comprehensive benefits of related enterprises are generally low. Except for a few companies, most sewage treatment equipment manufacturers have poor economic returns. Sixth, the equipment package and project contracting capacity are weak. There are very few enterprises that can undertake the contracting and equipment of sewage treatment projects. Most enterprises focus on the development and manufacturing of finished products that they are more suitable for, and engage in single-machine production and sales, so that the domestic sewage treatment capacity and engineering general contracting capacity Weak. Seventh, the operation training, after-sales service and other work need to be strengthened.
Cause of the problem
There are many reasons for the above problems. First, the emphasis and support for this emerging industry is insufficient. Although the proportion of national investment in environmental construction in GNP is close to that of developed countries, the infrastructure construction costs for environmental protection industries are not proportional to environmental construction investment. Taking “Eighth Five-Year Plan†and “Ninth Five-Year Plan†as examples, the investment in technological transformation of environmental protection equipment manufacturing enterprises only accounts for more than 1% of environmental construction investment. Second, the national policy orientation is to use foreign capital to import a large amount of equipment, so that domestic equipment has lost the market and equal opportunities for competition. About 90% of the sewage treatment plants built in the past 10 years are imported from foreign capital, which consumes a lot of state financial resources (imported equipment is 4-6 times the cost of domestic equipment) and valuable foreign exchange, and severely restricts domestically produced equipment. Development and market competition. Third, like the entire environmental protection equipment market, the sales of sewage treatment equipment market is disorderly. The department and local protectionism make the national big market that is healthy, fair, unified and in line with market competition poorly developed. As a result, the products with high quality and low price are available, but the enterprises with real level and strength are excluded. Fourth, the development of domestic sewage treatment equipment industry depends on the development of urban sewage treatment. Due to the large capital gap and insufficient investment, some users have long defaulted on equipment loans, and the problem of random price reduction of domestically produced equipment and equipment maintenance management has not restricted the development of domestic sewage treatment equipment manufacturing industry.
Measures to realize the modernization of domestic sewage treatment equipment
First, we must determine the application project of sewage treatment localization complete sets of equipment as soon as possible, and the state gives users preferential policies to encourage the use of domestically produced equipment. Second, we must focus on supporting a number of highly competitive engineering contracting companies and equipment manufacturers. According to the opinions of relevant departments and experts, after screening, the key enterprises supported by the state will be identified, and a joint-stock enterprise group integrating equipment development, manufacturing, equipment and engineering contracting will be established, which is mainly based on urban sewage treatment equipment. Please support the country. Third, it is necessary to give enterprises technological transformation loans, and increase the intensity of technological transformation of key enterprises. Technical transformation should use CNC, precision, high-efficiency, special-purpose and automation technology equipment as much as possible. For the weak parts of the production process and the key components of the product, it is necessary to pay attention to the use of advanced and applicable equipment and testing methods, and the key components that need to be introduced. Give import preferential policies. Fourth, we must increase efforts to support the scientific and technological research and technology development of domestically produced equipment. Fifth, we must introduce technology and accelerate the pace of development. We will change the practice of simply introducing equipment in the use of foreign capital projects, and appropriately introduce some key equipment manufacturing technologies, which will be digested by domestic enterprises to speed up development. Sixth, we must provide special credit for domestic equipment for sewage treatment projects. Under the financial support of the state, policy banks provide interest-free loans, which are used exclusively for the procurement of sewage treatment equipment. The city (users) repay the loan principal and interest on a yearly basis. Seventh, it is necessary to set up a working group for the development of sewage treatment equipment, establish a standardized domestic tendering system for sewage treatment equipment or complete sets of equipment, curb local protectionism, and coordinate related work. Eighth, we must adjust relevant policies for the use of foreign capital. The market is the key to guiding enterprises to increase investment in the development of urban sewage treatment equipment. Only by adjusting the foreign investment policy accordingly can we fundamentally cultivate and develop the domestic equipment market. It is recommended that a certain proportion of domestic and foreign cooperative manufacturing or domestic equipment be used at the same time as the appropriate use of foreign capital.
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