ã€Abstract】In order to solve the rural environmental problems, rural areas cannot be considered rural, and under the premise of transforming the mode of agricultural development, urban-rural environmental protection resources, urban-rural interaction, and coordinated interaction must be optimized in order to realize the win-win goal of both urban and rural environmental protection.
Under the long-term urban-rural dual structure, China’s urban and rural environmental protection is relatively divided, the traditional extensive agricultural development methods, the fragility and diversity of the rural ecological environment, and the periodicity and concealment of environmental pollution have caused the vast rural areas to accumulate a large number of environmental problems. The ability to contain the deterioration of the environment lags far behind the city. The author believes that the solution to rural environmental problems cannot be based on rural areas, but on the premise of changing the mode of agricultural development, it is necessary to optimize the allocation of urban and rural environmental protection resources, urban and rural interaction, coordination and linkage in order to achieve the goal of win-win both urban and rural environmental protection.
Adhere to planning guidance and promote urban-rural interaction
The urban environment and the rural environment are a closely related and inseparable whole. However, due to the separation of urban and rural areas on the environmental issues in China, this connection has been artificially separated, and it is difficult to form pollution with complementary facilities, different features, and shared resources. With the processing system, it is difficult to formulate a scientific planning for the overall planning of the urban and rural environment. As a result, rural environmental planning has many shortcomings: ignoring the constraints of objective factors such as natural conditions, resource endowments, and living conditions, and ignoring the related plans for rural environmental protection planning, urban development planning, urban pollution control planning, regional industrial restructuring, and layout planning. Coordinating contacts has brought a series of environmental security risks. Therefore, to solve the problem of coordinating urban and rural environmental protection, it is necessary to start by formulating scientific plans. First, we must innovate our ideas. According to the idea of ​​"planning and leading integrated construction and pollution control to adopt integrated thinking and assessment and implementation of the integration mechanism", the rural environmental protection plan is placed in the same important position as the urban environmental protection plan. It is necessary to focus on solving the environmental problems that may occur in the countryside now and in the future, but also to jump out of the rural areas to promote the integrated development of urban and rural ecological environment; Second, we must highlight the key points. Focusing on the three major aspects of rural drinking water safety, pollution prevention, and ecological protection and construction, through project construction, planning and guidance, and environmental advocacy measures, we will gradually resolve drinking water, rural industries, and large-scale livestock and poultry breeding that are most directly related to people’s health. Agricultural sources, domestic sewage, river ditch ponds and other pollution problems; three facilities sharing. To incorporate rural pollutants into urban pollution treatment and disposal systems, the environmental projects in county towns and central market towns should extend as far as possible to surrounding rural areas, improve the level of rural environmental protection technology and equipment, build and improve the urban and rural integrated environmental infrastructure, and explore urban and rural integrated environmental infrastructure. Build a new road.
Innovate technology paths and build interactive platforms
There are certain differences between rural environmental pollution and urban environmental pollution: On the one hand, many wastes in rural areas can be recycled and used in an integrated manner within the ecosystem; on the other hand, due to the specificity of rural environmental pollutants, many of the practical pollution in cities Control technology is difficult to use in rural areas. Therefore, we must break the technical bottleneck and innovate the technological path. According to factors such as natural conditions, economic development level, and resource endowments in different regions, the system identifies rural ecological and environmental pressures and life pollution characteristics in different regions, and proposes a sub-regional pollution control plan in terms of urban-rural integration and regional coordination. In particular, according to the characteristics of the rural ecological environment, promote ecological cycle agriculture, use straw, weeds and other resources as full use, rather than brutally burning or using chemical substances to kill. It is necessary to accelerate the pace of innovation in environmental protection science and technology in rural areas, establish sub-regional and sub-type scientific research and demonstration bases, establish a technology promotion platform for the overall planning of urban and rural environmental protection, and form an economic and practical rural pollution control technology promotion system as soon as possible.
Improve the protection mechanism and enhance the development momentum
Lack of funds and lack of supervision are important constraints to the overall planning of urban and rural environmental protection. At present, it is necessary to further increase capital investment and improve the supervision mechanism. First, we must establish a diversified input mechanism. Local governments must integrate urban and rural environmental protection construction funds into their budgets, give full play to the role of finance in the overall planning of the integration of urban and rural environmental protection, and let urban and rural areas share the fruits of scientific development. It is necessary to attract and encourage various types of social funds, including private capital, to participate in the construction of rural environmental infrastructure through the market mechanism; and secondly, to establish an integrated supervision mechanism. By enriching the rural environmental protection team, the environmental protection regulatory tentacles have been extended from cities to rural areas, and from environmental pollution types to ecological destruction types. To coordinate urban and rural environmental monitoring resources and conduct regular monitoring of the rural environment. We must mobilize the enthusiasm of the whole society to participate in environmental protection in urban and rural areas through the improvement of policy incentive mechanisms, and establish a new pattern of ecological and environmental protection integrating urban and rural areas so as to achieve sustainable development.
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